Particles in the atmosphere are a major source of health and lifestyle concerns to people. Particles are placed into our air as a result of a wide range of polluting activities, notable from car exhaust emissions and industrial pollutants being emitted into the atmosphere. Those at highest risk from particulate pollution are typically the elderly and children. Children are at risk because they spend a great deal of time outdoors and their lungs are still developing, whilst the elderly are susceptible to a whole range of illnesses and conditions triggered by particulates.
Particulate pollution is made up of very small particles. The emissions from a car exhaust contain a large amount of particulate pollution which surprises many people. The particles are so small in size that they are suspended in the air, and unfortunately this makes them very difficult to be removed. Even using an air filter may not be able to remove particulate pollution from the air unless the filter has a small enough mesh size to capture the particles in the first instance.
Particulate pollution also comes with a liquid component; however this form of pollution is comprised of a mixture of particulates and liquid droplets. The smallest particles are the ones which cause the greatest damage to people; their small size makes them very difficult to remove from breathable air, even in the home, while at the same time they are able to find their way deep into your lungs and airways. These particles are a fraction of the width of a human hair and they are also widely produced by coal fires or gas and diesel exhausts as well as from natural fires or burning fields in agriculture.
Larger particulate pollution is created by the grinding or crushing of materials in industrial processes, however they can also be generated by vehicles being driven over the road as a consequence of friction.
Particles which are unable to bypass the nose and throat may not reach the lungs, however they are still capable of causing irritation and health conditions within the nose and throat membranes.
Exposure to fine and coarse particulate pollution is responsible for a wide range of health problems, particularly affecting the respiratory system but not exclusively so. Patients with pre-existing conditions affecting their lungs and hearts are exceptionally susceptible, with particulates triggering recurrence of conditions are complicating health issues. Even short exposure to particulate pollution is dangerous; there are numerous instances and studies which demonstrate that periods of less the 24 hours exposure have led directly to deterioration in patients’ health and quality of life standards.
Longer term exposure is directly linked to an increase in emergency hospital visits, increased outpatient medical care demand and the long term development of a whole host of lung, heart and cardio-vascular disease as well as cancer.
Here are two main solutions to particulate pollution. The first is to create a controlled and safe air environment which removes particulates from the atmosphere within the home or building where they are. This can be accomplished by filtration and ensuring that ventilation is controlled properly. However, the major solution, and one which is dominating much of environmentalists and legislators time, is to reduce the overall levels of particulate pollutants being emitted into the air we all breathe.
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